Quick Answer
Checking veteran-owned or service-disabled veteran-owned in SAM.gov doesn't qualify your business for SDVOSB or VOSB set-asides. Those awards require certification through the SBA's Veteran Small Business Certification program (VetCert), and contracting officers look for that SBA-certified status in SAM before they award. You can apply for free through MySBA Certifications, but fix any mismatch in your VA.gov profile first.